Inside amber: New insights into the macromolecular structure of Class Ib resinite |
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Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics AS CR, V Holešovičkách 41, 182 09 Prague 8, Czech Republic;2. Institute of Chemical Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic;3. Czech Geological Survey, Klárov 3/131, 118 21 Prague 1, Czech Republic;4. Department of Geological Sciences, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic;5. Severočeské doly, a.s., Doly Bílina (North Bohemian Mines, Bílina Mines), 5. května 213,418 29 Bílina, Czech Republic |
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Abstract: | Class Ib resinites are the most common subclass of amber and are found throughout the world. They have a macromolecular structure based on co-polymerized communic acid, communol and biformenes. Because this class of resinite does not contain succinic acid, crosslinking of the polymer through esterification of communol moieties has never been theorized. Analysis of Class Ib resinites from Grassy Lake and Cedar Lake in western Canada was performed using pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with in situ hexamethyldisilazane derivatization, using a thermal separation probe to perform the pyrolysis and sample introduction. This has allowed larger, more complex fragments to be released from the polymer matrix than previously possible using instantaneous pyrolysis methodologies. The results show for the first time that Class Ib resinite can undergo self-crosslinking between the communol and communic acid moieties in the polylabdane matrix. The chromatographic results also show that a portion of the monoterpenes and non-polymerizable diterpenes in the resinite are bound to the polymer matrix and not fully occluded as was previously theorized. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of the resinites are presented and a more accurate spectral interpretation is proposed, based on the chromatographic results. |
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Keywords: | Thermal separation probe Pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Amber Resinite Class Ib Self-crosslinking Polylabdanoid |
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