Hydrous pyrolysis of Scenedesmus algae and algaenan-like residue |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4402 Elkhorn Ave., Norfolk, VA 23529, USA;2. U.S. Geological Survey (Emeritus), Box 25046, MS 977, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225, USA;1. Department of Civil, Environmental and Geo-Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;2. Department of Soil, Water and Climate, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA;3. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA;4. Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;5. Water Resources Science Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA;1. Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR), 1560 30th Street, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA;2. Division of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89512, USA;3. Department of Geology and Geophysics, E235 Howe Russell Kniffen, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA;4. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 845 West Taylor Street, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;5. Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, 10 Ocean Science Circle, Savannah, GA 31411, USA;6. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 110 Alfriend Chemistry Building, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;2. Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;3. Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China;2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, United States |
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| Abstract: | Algae are regarded as the form of biomass most likely to provide sufficient quantities of fuels without impacting our food supplies. Studies investigating the potential of hydrothermal treatment of algae to produce biofuels show that, in many instances, the produced oils do not resemble crude oils and have a high heteroatom content. In this study, Scenedesmus spp. algae and isolated algaenan, a type of biopolymeric cell wall in certain algae and an important precursor to some kerogens, are subjected to hydrous pyrolysis in efforts to mimic the thermal maturation occurring in sediments as a proxy for biofuels production. Our study shows that algaenan can be subjected to hydrous pyrolysis to yield a hydrocarbon rich mixture that resembles many fossil fuel crude oils. More importantly, separation of the algaenan prior to the hydrothermal treatment can yield a paraffin rich crude requiring little additional processing to attempt to reproduce the geological process that gave us crude oils from ancient Type I kerogen. Although it requires algaenan isolation as a prerequisite, this could be a first step in the direction of producing oils without need for further upgrading. Whole algae, however, yield additional oxygenated products derived from oxygenated biopolymers even though the paraffins derived from algaenan dominate. |
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| Keywords: | Algaenan Hydrous pyrolysis Two dimensional gas chromatography Biofuels |
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