Shell bone histology of the pan-carettochelyid turtle Kizylkumemys schultzi from the Upper Cretaceous of Uzbekistan and shell bone morphology transformations in the evolution of pan-trionychian turtles |
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| Institution: | 1. Vertebrate Zoology Department, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia;2. Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya Emb. 1, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia;1. Queensland Museum Geosciences Program, 122 Gerler Road, Hendra, Queensland 4011, Australia;2. School of Geosciences Program, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia;3. 8 Manna Way, Silverdale, New South Wales 2752, Australia;1. Centro de Geologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa (FCUL), Edificio C6, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal;2. Grupo de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Paseo Senda del Rey, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain;3. Fundación Conjunto Paleontológico de Teruel-Dinópolis (Museo Aragonés de Paleontología), Avda. Sagunto s/n, E-44002 Teruel, Spain;1. Fukui Prefectural Dinosaur Museum, Katsuyama, Fukui 911-8601, Japan;2. National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0005, Japan;1. Department of Geosciences, University of Fribourg, 6, chemin du Musée, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland;2. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Torino, 35, via Valperga Caluso, 10125 Torino, Italy;3. Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università di Cagliari, 51, via Trentino, 09127 Cagliari, Italy;4. Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici ICTA -ICP, Carrer de les Columnes s/n, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain;1. Grupo de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Paseo Senda del Rey, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain;2. Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Rua da Academia das Ciências, 19, 1249-122, Lisbon, Portugal;3. Centro de Investigação em Ciência e Engenharia Geológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-216, Monte de Caparica, Portugal;4. Grupo de Investigación IberCreta, Departamento de Geología y Geografía, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Spain;5. Grupo de Investigación Procesos Bióticos Mesozoicos, Departamento de Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain;6. Centro de Investigação da Terra e do Espaço, Universidade de Coimbra, Observatório Astronómico, Almas de Freire, Santa Clara, 3040-004, Coimbra, Portugal;7. Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal;8. Departamento de Ciencias Humanas, Universidad de La Rioja, Luis Ulloa s/n, 26004, Logroño, Spain |
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| Abstract: | This paper presents histological data on the shell bones of different size (age) individuals of the basal pan-carettochelyid Kizylkumemys schultzi from the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian) of Usbekistan. Ontogenetic changes in the shell bone histology of Kizylkumemys schultzi correspond to those characteristic of other turtles. Comparison of the shell bone histology of Kizylkumemys schultzi with those of other pan-carettochelyids show similar histological structures, suggesting that this group is very conservative in the shell bone histology, which did not change significantly since the Cretaceous. Kizylkumemys schultzi and other pan-carettochelyids share prominent shell sculpture with all other pan-trionychians; shell sculpture of large pits and grooves and network of vertical and subvertical canals in the external cortex, with nanhsiungchelyids and pan-trionychids; reduced or absent scute sulci and lost or loose contact between peripherals and costals, with pan-trionychids; and loss of rib thickenings of costals, with adocids. According to new data, Kappachelys okurai from the Hauterivian-Barremian of Japan, previously considered as a pan-trionychid or pan-carettochelyid, could be either a pan-trionychian (sister taxon to Trionychia) or a pan-carettochelyid. |
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| Keywords: | Turtles Pan-Trionychia Pan-Carettochelys Shell Histology |
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