长沙黄花机场两次对流风暴特征的对比分析

利用新一代多普勒天气雷达资料、机场自动观测系统资料结合其它有关资料,对2012年9月1日和2013年7月1日发生在长沙黄花机场的两次对流风暴的特征进行了对比分析,结果表明：2012年9月1日的对流风暴属于普通单体风暴,具有尺度小、持续时间短、降水量大的特点;2013年7月1日的对流风暴属于多单体风暴,具有尺度较小、生命史较短,产生了雷暴、降水量小的特点。两次对流风暴的共同点：在很短时间内产生了大于20 m/s的地面大风（〉17 m/s）,出现了风向突变、风速骤增、气压上升、气温骤降等类似于飑线的气象要素剧烈变化过程;两次对流风暴的触发机制都是副高外围的东风波扰动。

Comparisons and Analysis of the Characteristics of Two Convective Storms at Huanghua Airport of Changsha

With the data from the next- generation Doppler weather radar,automatic observations from the airport and other related information,this work compares and studies the characteristics of two convective storms that took place on September 1,2012 and July 1,2013 at Huanghua Airport of Changsha. The results are shown as follows. The first storm belongs to a common single- cell storm that marks with small scale,short duration and large rainfall amount,while the second storm is one of the storms with multiple cells that are usually small in scale and short in lifecycle,with thunder but little rain. A mutual point shared by the storms is that their surface winds all rose above 20 m / s within a short time,above the intensity of gale（ 17 m/s）,both experiencing drastic changes in meteorological elements similar to those of squalls： abrupt change in wind direction,dramatic rise in wind speed,increase of air pressure and decrease of air temperature. They were both triggered by easterly waves at the periphery of a subtropical high pressure.