雷暴云起电机制及其数值模拟的回顾与进展

对国内外有关雷暴云起电机制和起/放电模式的研究结果和进展进行了回顾,总结了这两方面研究的主要进展及所涉及的重要问题。详细介绍了离子、粒子及其他起电机制的发展历程,并从非云模式和云模式这两方面综述了国内外起/放电模式的一些结果和进展。目前对雷暴云内电荷的产生已有较为系统地了解,但仍需对雷暴内动力、微物理和起电过程及它们之间的相关性做更深入的研究。进一步完善雷暴云起/放电模式,并应用模拟结果和观测资料来研究动力、微物理过程及电结构的相互作用机制。

Review and Progress of Thunderstorm Electrification Mechanisms and Numerical Modelings

Recent developments in the area of thunderstorm electrification and lightning discharge are reviewed in this paper.The important problems and major achievements of researches are summarized as the mechanism of electrification and numerical simulation of thundercloud electrification.It introduced the development of the ion,particle and other electrification mechanisms in detail,and reviewed some results and progress of the models of electrification and discharged at home and abroad from non-cloud model and cloud model aspects.At the present,the generation of charge in the thunderstormhas been known systematically,but further researches on the dynamics,the microphysics and the electrification activity in the thunderstorm and their relationship are also needed.In addition,the models of electrification and discharge will be further improved,moreover,using the results of simulation and the data of observation to research the interaction mechanismwhich about dynamics,microphysics and charge structure.