Spatiotemporal heterogeneity of soil fertility in the Central Monte desert (Argentina) |
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| Authors: | A Abril P Villagra L Noe |
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| Institution: | 1. Departamento de Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC 509, Cordoba 5000, Argentina;2. IANIGLIA, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Conicet), Mendoza, Argentina;1. University of Florida, Range Cattle Research and Education Center, 3401 Experiment Station, Ona, FL 33865, USA;2. University of Florida, Soil and Water Science Department, 2185 McCarty Hall A, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;3. University of Florida, Agronomy Department, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;4. University of Florida, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, 359 Newins-Ziegler Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;1. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UNPA), INTA EEA-Santa Cruz, cc 332 (9400), Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina;2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina;1. Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford 94035, USA;2. Department of Environmental Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford 94305, USA;3. Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University – OARDC, Wooster 44691, USA;4. Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks 99775, USA;5. Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar, Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, BP 1386, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal;6. Department of Applied Chemistry, National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, The University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 455, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon;7. Department of Soil Science, Chepkoilel University College, P.O. Box 1125, Eldoret, Kenya;8. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire Mixte International Intensification Ecologique des Sols cultivés en Afrique de l''Ouest (LMI IESOL), Campus IRD/ISRA Bel Air BP 1386, Dakar CP 18524, Senegal;9. Université Paris Est Créteil, Avenue General de Gaulle, 94010 Créteil, France;10. Department of Plant Biology, National School of Agriculture, University of Thiès, P.O. Box A 296, Thiès, Senegal;11. School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA;1. Altenburg & Wymenga Ecological Consultants, Feanwâlden, The Netherlands;2. Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, The Netherlands;1. Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Padre Contreras 1300, Parque Gral. San Martín, Mendoza M5502JMA, Argentina;2. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), CONICET, CCT-Mendoza, Ruiz Leal s/n, Parque Gral. San Martín, CC 330, Mendoza 5500, Argentina;3. Instituto Argentino de Investigación de Zonas Áridas (IADIZA), CONICET, CCT-Mendoza, Ruiz Leal s/n, Parque Gral. San Martín, CC 507, Mendoza 5500, Argentina;4. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Alte Brown 500, Chacras de Coria, 5505 Luján de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina |
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| Abstract: | In arid environments, soil fertility exhibits a high degree of spatial and temporal heterogeneity, which results from high climatic variability seasonally and heterogeneous plant distribution. However, because most desert areas have been altered by human activities, heterogeneous fertility would originate from grazing or logging activities. We evaluated spatial and temporal heterogeneity of soil fertility in cattle-excluded sites under and outside woody plant cover (Prosopis flexuosa and Larrea divaricata), and in sites disturbed by tree removal during wet and dry season in Ñacuñán Biosphere Reserve (Central Monte desert of Argentina). Soil organic matter, fulvic acids, bioavailable organic matter, and nitrate were lower outside plant canopy (8.9 mg g?1, 0.03 mg g?1, 8.2 mg g?1, and 4.17 mg kg?1, respectively). Total N, humic acids, and abundance of microbial functional groups did not show differences among sites. Most parameters differed between seasons, tending to be higher in the wet season. Overall soils of Ñacuñán Reserve are characterized by: a) more homogenous spatial pattern than expected from woody plant presence; b) very heterogeneous temporal pattern; and c) after two years, tree removal does not seem to induce infertile soil formation. |
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