寒冷地区热棒技术的研究与应用

由于热棒具有极强的单向导热性能, 被广泛用来冷却地基、强化冻土与大气间热交换, 解决基础冻胀、融沉等热力过程中工程问题. 从热棒在国内外冻土工程的综合应用、热棒传热影响因素以及热棒应用的工程设计参数, 评述和回顾了寒冷地区热棒技术的研究和应用, 并讨论了热棒技术综合应用的发展前景.工程实践表明, 热棒在寒冷地区具有广泛的工程应用前景, 不仅可以应用于寒区公路、铁路、 输油管线工程等大型线性工程, 而且也可应用于机场、房屋等工业与民用建筑, 同时还可以用于低温储藏库修建、机场跑道融雪等. 青藏铁路修建以来, 热棒在我国得到了最广泛的应用, 同时热棒与保温材料、块碎石护坡/护道等联合构成了新的综合结构措施.

The Thermosyphon Technology in Cold Regions: Application and Research

Because of its great single-direction heat conduction, thermosyphon is widely applied to cool foundation and strengthen heat exchange between frozen soil and atmosphere, solving engineering problems, such as, frost heave and thaw settlement of foundation. In this article, the research and application of thermosyphon in cold regions are reviewed based on the application at home and abroad, the effect factors of heat conduction and the engineering design parameter. The foreground of developing thermosyphon in cold regions is discussed. Engineering applications have showed that thermosyphon can be widely applied not only in large-scale linear engineering, such as highway, railway, but also airport and buildings in cold regions. At the same time, thermosyphon technology is used to build lower-temperature storage and melting snow in airport. Since the Qinghai-Tibetan Railway construction, thermosyphon is most widely applied to engineering construction in cold regions. The thermosyphon technology, combined with other structural measures, such as insulation and crushed-rock cover, will be an integrated engineering technique applied in cold regions.