河南地裂缝发生发展及其防治初探

河南省地裂缝分布广泛，遍布４３个县（市）１２８处。主要形成于１９７０～１９９１年间。文章概述了全省地裂缝时空分布，分析了地震、构造、地层岩性、人类活动等因素对地裂缝形成的影响，探讨了地裂缝成因、活动周期、预测、防治等问题。认为全省地裂缝主要是人类采矿活动和构造活动两大因素引起的。构造活动引起的地裂缝主要是地应力释放的结果。与太阳黑子１１年活动周期一致，而且发生在谷年附近。地裂缝危害主要发生在显示阶段，气象干旱强烈蒸发以及阵雨、暴雨引起地面积水汹涌流入地下是地裂缝显示的两个条件。故控制这些显示条件，可有效地防治和减轻地裂缝的危害

THE PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE OCCURENCE AND DEVELOPMENT AND ITS PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF GEOFRACTURE IN HENAN PROVINCE

There had occurred vast amount of geofractures between 1970 to 1991,distributed 128 places of 43 counties(cities).The author has summarized the space time distribution of geo fracture in Henan Pronince, analysed the affected factors to geofracture, such as earthquake, structure, stratalithology and mankind activity, and discussed the genesis of geofracture, active period, forecasting and prevention etc.. The author thinks that the geofracture in Henan were caused by two factors, i.e. the mankind mining and tectonic activity. The geofracture caused by tectonic activity was mainly the result of liberation of ground stress. There existed coordination between geofracture and eleven active cyclic years of sunspot, and occurred in the near valley year. The harm of geofracture mainly take place in displaying period. The showing conditions are that the excess surface water flooding ferociously in the underground during shower and rainstorm and dry. So, it can effectively prevent the harm of geofracture to control these showing conditions.