郏县截潜自流引水工程环境负效应及对策研究

在干旱半干旱冲积平原区,采用地下截潜工程自流引用较丰富的地下水资源的措施在技术上是可行的,但这种方案实例极少,且地下截潜工程的设置极易引起浸没灾害和生态环境恶化等问题。以郏县截潜自流引水工程的规划为例,从环境负效应出发,探讨该方案的合理性。在地下水资源勘察评价成果的基础上,采用三维数值模拟方法对研究区枯水期不同长度截潜工程的浸没范围作了预测,并在综合分析该区水文地质条件的基础上,采用类比法对汛期浸没范围也作了预测,基于影响因素分析法对水质污染作了初步评价,采用解析法对堤防地基渗透变形作了预测评价。结果表明:该方案所导致的环境负效应严重,在本区不宜采用截潜自流引水方案,并提出了新的开发水资源的合理方案和避免环境负效应的有效对策。

ENVIRONMENT EFFECT AND COUNTERMEASURES OF INTERCEPTING UNDERFLOW AND ARTESIAN DIVERSION PROJECT AT JIA COUNTY

It is technically feasible to carry out the intercepting underflow and artesian diversion project to utilize the abundant groundwater resource in the arid and semi-arid alluvial plain areas. But few instances or reports have been put into effect. The establishment of intercepting underflow project can extremely easily cause immersion and ecological environment deterioration. In this paper, the intercepting underflow and diversion project in Jia County is taken as an example to discuss the reasonability of the utilization scheme in the aspect of the environment effect. Based on the investigation and evaluation of ground water resource, the prediction of immersion scope of study area during the dry season is presented by three-dimensional numerical simulation method. Based on comprehensive analysis of the hydro-geological condition in the study area, the immersion scope is examined by the analogy method. The preliminary study on water pollution is conducted with influencing factor analysis method. The prediction of seepage deformation of base is performed using analytical method. The results show that it is not proper to conduct the intercepting underflow and artesian diversion program due to the serious environment effects that can be caused by this scheme. Correspondingly, new development programs and countermeasures are proposed to meet the water supply requirements and to avoid the environmental effects.