“逐步逼近式”找水方法及其在缺水地区水文地质勘查中的应用

在缺水地区开展找水水文地质勘查工作,如何提高成井供水效率,科学的找水方法至关重要.笔者介绍近10年来在我国西部地区300多个缺水村镇找水水文地质勘查实践中,总结出"逐步逼近式"找水方法.主要包括利用前人调查成果通过预研究确定找水方向、应用遥感解译方法圈定找水靶区、辅以简易快速物探方法的中比例尺地面调查确定富水地段、详细地面调查与物探组合技术结合优化确定钻探孔位、不同含水层选择相应钻探方法和成井工艺5个步骤.以及针对不同找水区在遥感数据源选择、简易快速物探方法应用与多方法有效组合探测的技术要点.

The Successive Approximation Method on Groundwater Exploration and Its Application in Hydrogeological Investigation in Water-shortage Areas

The application of scientific groundwater exploration is most important to improve efficiency of well construction and water supply for hydrogeological survey of groundwater exploration in water- shortage areas. In this paper, we introduced practices of groundwater exploration which were carried out in more than 300 water-shortage villages and towns over the past decade, and summarized the successive approximation method on groundwater exploration. There were five main steps for this method. The first was confirming the groundwater exploration direction by pre-research with prevenient survey data. The second was delineating underground water-bearing area with remote sensing techniques. The third was confirming water-rich aquifers by medium surface investigation with simple fast geophysical exploration methods. The forth was designing the well with further detailed surface investigation and combined geophysical techniques. The last was selecting drilling methods and well construction technologies according to characteristics of groundwater aquifers. We also supplied technical outlines on data source selecting of remote sensing, application of simple fast geophysical methods and combined exploration of effective geophysical methods.