云南鲁甸地震灾害应急救援环境分析与影响快速评估

2014年8月3日16时30分,云南省昭通市鲁甸县发生6.5级地震,此次地震危害性较大。在快速收集震区地震烈度分布、地形状况、土地利用/覆盖现状、乡镇人口、居民点分布、房屋建筑物以及高分辨率遥感图像等信息的基础上,应用GIS空间分析和定量评估模型,对重灾区自然环境状况,受灾人口、房屋建筑物及道路交通等敏感受体影响,牛栏江沿岸次生地质灾害风险等级,坡耕地退耕及水土流失防治4个方面进行了快速评估,并针对震区人员救助、地质次生灾害防治以及灾后重建生态治理提出了科学的对策建议。

Environmental conditions for rescue and earthquake impact rapid assessment in Ludian Earthquake area,Yunnan Province

A magnitude 6.5 earthquake struck Ludian County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province at 16:30 on 3 August 2014, which caused severe damages on residential life and assets. In order to conduct a rapid earthquake impact assessment, we collected data on seismic intensity, topography, land use/land cover, population, residential area distribution, and buildings of the earthquake area and high-resolution remote sensing images. Spatial analysis in GIS and a quantitative evaluation model were employed for the assessment, which focused on the following aspects of the disaster area including natural environmental conditions of the severe impact area, impact on the affected population, buildings, roads and traffic, and other sensitive exposure units, and risk of secondary geological hazards along the Niulan River; and restoring from slope cropland to forest and preventing soil erosion. Based on the assessment results, this article provides the some suggestions for the earthquake relief effort, geological hazard prevention, and post-disaster reconstruction and ecological recovery of the Ludian seismic area.