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Multivariate statistical analysis of the groundwater flow in shallow aquifers: a case of the basins of northern Algeria
Authors:Noureddıne Guezgouz  Djamel Boutoutaou  Houarı Zeggane  Azzedıne Chefrour
Institution:1.Department of Biology,Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life University Mohamed Echerif Messaadia,Souk Ahras,Algeria;2.Faculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Civil Engineering,University Kasdi Merbah,Ouargla,Algeria;3.Development Laboratory and Control of Hospital Pharmaceutical Preparations, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine,University Badji Mokhtar,Annaba,Algeria
Abstract:Water resources in Algeria are mainly controlled by climate change which creates enormous problems in its planning, management and distribution. While the surface water resources are perfectly managed and operated by means of dams and small dams built for several years, the groundwater resources remain long unknown and unusable because of the lack of relevant working tools (e.g., methods, formulas, maps, etc.) for planners and engineers working in the field of water resources exploration. To highlight the hydrodynamic processes of groundwater in shallow aquifers of the basins of northern Algeria, we conducted a study using 81 subwatersheds collected from different locations at the basins; taking into account the climatic and geomorphological factors, to understand water usage trends, analyse patterns, tap good shallow aquifers and ensure long lasting supplies of water through arid periods, mapping and modelling of groundwater are fundamental to problem resolution. Multivariate statistical techniques as well as cluster and principal component analysis were applied to the data on groundwater flow, with the objective of defining the main controls on the groundwater flows at the basins. These statistical techniques showed the presence of three groundwater flow groups with increasing importance according to precipitation. The first group was mainly influenced by climatic factors, the second was more controlled by the communication between the surface and underground flows and the third group revealed the influence of geomorphological factors on groundwater flows.
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