青藏高原典型山地冰川中痕量元素的空间分布和来源分析

为了探究青藏高原雪冰中痕量元素的空间分布与主要来源，对2019年7—9月在青藏高原七一冰川、八一冰川、岗什卡雪峰、煤矿冰川、玉珠峰冰川、古仁河口冰川以及玉龙雪山白水河1号冰川采集的表雪样酸化后，利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）测试了常量元素Al、Fe与痕量元素As、Ba、Co、Cr、Cu、Li、Mn、Mo、Pb、Sr、Tl、Zn、Cd共15种元素的含量，通过Jonckheere-Terpstra非参数检验分析痕量元素空间分布趋势。结果表明：中部煤矿冰川和玉珠峰冰川浓度最高，南部古仁河口冰川和玉龙雪山最低，东北部3条冰川居中；本研究与其他研究区关于冰川As、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd浓度对比的结果显示，青藏高原冰川中元素含量的空间分布总体趋势为：中部>北部>南部。富集因子分析表明，Co、Cr、Cu、Tl、Fe、Li、Mn、Mo、Sr元素主要受粉尘输入影响，Pb、Cd、Zn元素受人为源影响较大（例如有色金属冶炼、交通排放、化石燃料燃烧等）。后向轨迹结果表明，东北部3条冰川主要受东北和西北部地区影响；中部冰川元素来源复杂，以青藏高原西部和北部的粉尘输入为主，且受西部临近煤矿...

Spatial distribution and source analysis of trace elements in typical mountain glaciers on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

In order to explore the spatial distribution and main sources of trace elements in the snow and ice of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau， the surface snow samples at a depth of 0~5 cm collected from the Qiyi Glacier， Bayi Glacier， Gangshika Glacier， Meikuang Glacier， Yuzhufeng Glacier， Gurenhekou Glacier， and Baishuihe Glacier No.1 of Yulong Snow Mountain on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from July to September 2019 were analyzed to determine the concentrations of fifteen elements （Al， As， Ba， Co， Cr， Cu， Fe， Li， Mn， Mo， Pb， Sr， Tl， Zn， Cd）. The spatial distribution trend of these trace elements was presented by Jonckheere-Terpstra non-parametric test. The results showed that the Meikuang Glacier and the Yuzhufeng Glacier in the central region had the highest concentration of trace elements， while the lowest concentrations were identified in the Gurenhekou Glacier and the Baishuihe Glacier No.1 of Yulong Snow Mountain in the southern region. We compared the concentrations of As， Cu， Pb， Zn and Cd with other glaciers in the study area， and the elemental distribution generally showed the decrease trend of Central>Northern>Southern regions on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Enrichment factor analysis showed that Co， Cr， Cu， Tl， Fe， Li， Mn， Mo and Sr were mainly affected by dust input， while Pb， Cd and Zn were more affected by anthropogenic sources （i.e. non-ferrous metal smelting， traffic emissions and fossil fuel combustion）. The backward trajectory indicated that the three glaciers in the northeastern region were mainly affected by the air mass originated from northeastern and northwestern regions. The air mass source of the central glaciers was mainly from the dust input from the western and northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau， which was influenced by the nearby coal mines. The two southern glaciers were mainly influenced by South Asia and the southwestern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. This research could expand the trace element database of snow and ice on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau， providing scientific understanding for assessing the pollution of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau’s atmospheric environment derived from human activities and the potential environmental risks of water source areas.