一种测定并置站垂线偏差的小网参数转换法

推导了传统全球卫星导航定位系统(GNSS)测定垂线偏差(Deflection of the Vertical, DOV)形式误差的表达式;提出一种可用以解算并置站DOV的小网参数转换法.利用乌鲁木齐南山多技术并置站控制网观测信息,开展了算法验证,并对该站内多个地点DOV开展了实测.结果表明,高精度的小网DOV仅由点位观测精度最高、覆盖面积最广的3个站点决定.个别精度较差的点会为DOV的测定值带来较大的不确定性;采用小网转换法所解算的DOV与实测值间的一致性分别为-2.3′′±4.3′′(子午分量)和0.2′′±4.6′′(卯酉分量);小网转换求取DOV的方法在精度上与经典的GNSS水准方法相当,但步骤更加简便.鉴于多技术并置站会不定期地开展本地测量,可利用该方法实现多技术并置站DOV的零成本长期监测.

A Small Scale Control Network Parameters Transformation Method for Surveying Deflection of the Vertical for Co-located Stations

The expression of formal error of deflection of the vertical (DOV) surveyed by classical global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is derived. A small scale control network parameters transformation method for calculating DOV of co-located stations is proposed. Based on the observation data of the control network of Nanshan multi-technology co-located stations in Urumqi, the algorithm verification is carried out, and the DOV of several places in the station is surveyed. The results show that the high-precision DOV of the small scale control network is only determined by the three points with the highest surveying precision and the widest coverage area of the triangle. A few points with poor position precision will bring great uncertainty to the DOV value. The consistency between the DOV calculated by small scale control network parameters transformation method and the surveyed result is -2.3±''4.3'' (north-south component) and 0.2''±4.6'' (west-east component), respectively. Small scale control network transformation method is similar to the classical GNSS method for DOV in the aspect of precision, but the former is more convenient. Considering that local surveying are carried out in irregular intervals in those multi-technology co-located stations, a zero-cost and long-term DOV monitoring in multi-technology co-located stations can be realized by the method.