Impact of repository depth on residence times for leaking radionuclides in land-based surface water |
| |
Authors: | Anders Wörman Lars Marklund Shulan Xu Björn Dverstorp |
| |
Institution: | (1) Environmental Physics Group, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden;(2) Swedish Radiation Protection Authority, Sweden |
| |
Abstract: | The multiple scales of landscape topography produce a wide distribution of groundwater circulation cells that control the
hydro-geological environments surrounding geological repositories for nuclear waste. The largest circulation cells tend to
discharge water into major river reaches, large freshwater systems or the nearby Baltic Sea. We investigated numerically the
release of radionuclides from repositories placed in bedrock with depths between 100 to 2000 meters in a Swedish coastal area
and found that leakage from the deeper positions emerges primarily in the major aquatic systems. In effect, radionuclides
from the deeper repositories are more rapidly transported towards the Sea by the stream system compared to leakage from more
shallow repositories. The release from the shallower repositories is significantly retained in the initial stage of the transport
in the (superficial) landscape because the discharge occurs in or near low-order streams with high retention characteristics.
This retention and residence time for radioactivity in the landscape control radiological doses to biota and can, thus, be
expected to constitute an essential part of an associated risk evaluation. |
| |
Keywords: | hydrology radio nuclide migration surface water-groundwater interaction |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |