“泥科学与应用技术”的提出及研究进展

随着社会经济的发展，以淤泥、污泥为代表的各种泥状物产量巨大，接近于城市垃圾的数量。而各种泥的性状及污染物种类非常复杂、多样，经济、安全地进行各种泥的处理和利用已经成为一个重要的问题。各种泥状物虽然种类不同、成分各异，但具有很多共同的物理、化学性质。在处理方面也具有以脱水为主的减量化、以污染物稳定为主的无害化、以改变性质后进行利用为主的资源化的途径上的一致性。此外，泥所具有的一些特殊性质也能够被利用来解决一些特殊的问题。长期以来，各种泥的科学研究和处理技术分布在各行各业，使用的概念、指标不能统一，技术和方法隔离发展，影响了对于泥的基础理论和技术的发展。针对这些问题，提出了建立“泥科学与应用技术”的学科方向，对于泥的主要种类和问题，处理泥中所遇到的热点问题以及几个典型的研究进行了综述，为解决泥的问题进行了分析和总结。

Subject of “mud science and application technology ”and its research progress

With the development of society, huge muddy production with silt and sludge as representatives gets rather close to the municipal refuse. Moreover, muddy materials have very complex and diverse traits and pollutants inside, resulting in a critical issue that we should dispose and utilize them economically and safely. Although the compositions of the various muddy materials are different, they share many similar physical and chemical properties. The ways to treat these materials are also consistent, including quantity reduction such as dehydration, harmless treatment like pollutant stabilization, and reclamation such as reusing after pretreatment. Furthermore, some special properties of muddy materials can also be utilized to solve certain problems. For a long time, there had scientific research and processing technology with various kinds of muddy materials in all walks of life. However, problems arose such as disunion of concept and index, isolation between technology and methods that all affected the development of basic theory and techniques. To solve these problems, this paper proposes the establishment of disciplines direction — the muddy material science and technology. We review main types and problems, hot issues encountered during the treatment process as well as several typical researches in muddy materials. The problems of the treatment with mud are analyzed and summarized.