考虑土拱效应的挡土墙主动土压力与被动土压力统一解

土拱效应对倾斜挡土墙下的主动土压力及被动土压力有重要的影响，但是相关计算理论研究略显不足。为了将土拱效应考虑到倾斜挡土墙下的土压力计算中，首先通过应力摩尔圆及静力平衡法分别给出了考虑土拱效应下主动土压力及被动土压力计算所需的两大因素：侧向土压力系数及竖向平均应力公式。在此基础上建立了考虑土拱效应的倾斜挡土墙主动土压力及被动土压力的统一表达式，并将其应用到求解土压力合力及其作用点高度的计算中。算例表明，土拱效应对于主动土压力与被动土压力的影响不同。随着墙体倾角的增大，主动土压力作用点高度逐渐降低，即土拱效应随着墙体倾角的增大而降低。与前述相反，随着墙体倾角的增大，被动土压力作用点高度逐渐降低，即土拱效应的影响随着墙体倾角的增大而增大。

Unified solution to active earth pressure and passive earth pressure on retaining wall considering soil arching effects

In order to calculate the active earth pressre or passive earth pressre under the inclined wall considering the soil arching effect, the two key factors, the coefficient of lateral earth pressure, and mean vertical pressure, which can decide the distribution of active earth pressure or passive earth pressure behind inclined wall and are derived based on the analysis of stress state behind the wall and the lateral differential elements method, are given as a unified formula. The unified solution of active earth pressure and passive earth pressure is used to calculate both the magnitude and point of application of total earth pressure. According to examples, the dip angle of inclined retaining wall has a different influences of soil arching effect on limit active earth pressure state and limit passive earth pressure state, as the dip angle increasing, the height of resultant active earth pressure would be decreasing due to that the influence of soil arching effect would be decreasing. On the contrary, as the dip angle increased, the height of resultant influence passive earth pressure would be increasing due to that the influence of soil arching effect would be increasing.