Major ash eruptions of Barren Island volcano (Andaman Sea) during the past 72 kyr: clues from a sediment core record |
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Authors: | Neeraj Awasthi Jyotiranjan S Ray Amzad H Laskar Alok Kumar M Sudhakar Rajneesh Bhutani Hetu C Sheth Madhusudan G Yadava |
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Institution: | (1) Physical Research Laboratory, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380 009, India;(2) Ministry of Earth Sciences, Mahasagar Bhavan, Block No.12, CGO Complex, Lodi Road, New Delhi, 110 003, India;(3) Department of Earth Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India;(4) Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India |
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Abstract: | Barren Island (Andaman Sea) is the northernmost active volcano of the Indonesian Arc. To construct the eruptive history of
this little studied volcano, we measured 14C dates of inorganic carbon in sediment beds, and Sr and Nd isotopic ratios of seven discrete ash layers, in a marine sediment
core collected from 32 km southeast of the volcano. The study reveals that the volcano had seven major ash eruptions at ~70,
69, 61, 24, 19, 15, and 10 ka. The ash layers erupted from 70 ka through 19 ka have highly uniform Nd isotopic composition,
and since the ~15 ka eruption to the present the isotopic composition has been highly variable. Between ~24 ka and ~10 ka,
the volcano had large ash eruptions spaced at 4,500 year intervals. Isotopically correlating the precaldera lavas and ash
exposed on the volcano to the uppermost ash layer in the core, we infer that the caldera of Barren Island volcano is younger
than 10 ka. |
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