中国城市垃圾研究的典型实例——长春市垃圾普查与整治

根据垃圾在人地系统中具有的社会性、时空分异性和制约性等特点,认为中国城市垃圾研究只有在多学科综合研究的基础上,才能为解决日益紧迫的垃圾成灾问题寻找一条根治办法.以长春市为实例,开展了中国城市垃圾的研究.长春市城市垃圾在空间分布上具有丛聚性、成环性和自相似性的特点.垃圾的物质组成具有明显的时空变异特征,而且在很大程度上可受人为因素控制.追踪调查表明,大约有3/4的垃圾量来源于非居民家庭.长春市垃圾回收缺乏再生行业支持.兴办垃圾产业可望成为整治城市垃圾并推动地区经济增长的一项有效措施.根据城市垃圾的基本特征并应用综合治理的理念,提出了符合长春市市情的10项治理措施.

A TYPICAL EXAMPLE OF CHINESE MSW RESEARCH:MSW INVESTIGATION AND ITS DISPOSAL IN CHANGCHUN, NORTHEAST CHINA

s: In fact, MSW(Municipal Solid Waste) in the Human-Earth system, shows some characteristics, such as sociality, temporal and spatial differentiation and limitation. It is believed that a radical method to resolve the MSW disaster can be found only if the Chinese MSW research is based on the comprehensive research of multi-disciplines. Changchun city, Northeast China, is made as a typical example of this research. The spatial distribution of MSW in Changchun is characterized by concentration, cycling and self-similarilty. The material composition of MSW has a large range in temporal and spatial distribution and can be artificially controlled to large extent. The tracing investigation shows that about three fourths of MSW yield is derived from non-domestic units. The MSW recovery in Changchun is lack of the support from some industries and MSW recovery industry is believed to be an effective countermeasure to dispose MSW and to promote the local economic boom. Based on the major characteristics of MSW in Changchun and the principle of comprehensive administration, ten countermeasures to dispose MSW are suggested, which are in line with the reality of Changchun city.