Simulation and analysis of river runoff in typical
cold regions |
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Authors: | QiuDong Zhao BaiSheng Ye YongJian Ding ShiQiang Zhang ChuanCheng Zhao Jian Wang and ZengRu Wang |
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Institution: | Division of Hydrology and Water-Land Resources in Cold and Arid Regions, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering
Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China;State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China;1. Division of Hydrology and Water-Land Resources in Cold and Arid Regions, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering
Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences,;Division of Hydrology and Water-Land Resources in Cold and Arid Regions, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering
Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China;Division of Hydrology and Water-Land Resources in Cold and Arid Regions, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering
Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China;Division of Hydrology and Water-Land Resources in Cold and Arid Regions, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering
Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China;State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China |
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Abstract: | It is generally agreed that global warming is taking place, which has caused runoff generation processes and apparently total runoff
amount changes in cold regions of Northwestern China. It is absolutely necessary to quantify and analyze earth surface hydrological
processes by numerical models for formulating scientific sustainable development of water resources. Hydrological models
became established tools for studying the hydrological cycle, but did not consider frozen soil or glacier hydrology. Thus, they
should be improved to satisfy the simulation of hydrological processes in cold regions. In this paper, an energy balance glacier
melt model was successfully coupled to the VIC model with frozen soil scheme, thus improving the models performance in a cold
catchment area. We performed the improved VIC model to simulate the hydrological processes in the Aksu River Basin, and the
simulated results are in good agreement with observed data. Based on modeling hydrological data, the runoff components and
their response to climate change were analyzed. The results show: (1) Glacial meltwater recharge accounts for 29.2% of runoff for
the Toxkan River, and 58.7% for the Kunma Like River. (2) The annual total runoff of two branches of the Aksu River show increasing
trends, increased by about 43.1%, 25.95×106 m3 per year for the Toxkan River and by 13.1%, 14.09×106 m3 per year
for the Kunma Like River during the latter 38 years. (3) The annual total runoff of the Toxkan River increased simply due to the
increase of non-glacial runoff, while the increase of annual total runoff of the Kunma Like River was the result of increasing glacial
(42%) and non-glacial runoff (58%). |
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Keywords: | glacier energy and mass balance hydrologic model hydrologic process simulation Aksu River Basin |
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