单一景观类型时空变化分析方法——以酒泉盆地绿洲化为例

受单一土地利用动态度模型的启发, 本文提出了格网化单一景观类型变化率模型, 较好地反映了单一景观类型在研究时段内的变化情况。在此基础上又提出累积变化率和时空变化指数模型, 用于描述单一景观类型在长时间序列中的空间变化, 并以中国西部酒泉盆地1963-2009 年间的绿洲化过程为例对模型进行了检验。结果表明:①格网化单一景观类型变化率模型, 可以很好地反映期初和期末单一景观类型的局部细微变化, 包括变化速度和空间分布情况;②累积变化率综合了中间各期数据的影响, 可以较好地刻画较长时间序列中单一景观类型的变化幅度及其空间分布情况;③时空变化指数能够反映单一景观类型的变化模式, 进一步描述了变化过程的特点和趋势;④3 个模型的综合运用, 可对单一景观类型的时空变化过程及其特征做出比较全面的描述和刻画。

Models for Analysis of the Spatial-Temporal Changes of a Single-Type Landscape: A Case Study of Oasis-Making Process in Jiuquan Basin

Inspired by the dynamic model for single land use, this paper proposes a grid-transformation model for single-type landscape change rate, which reflects well the changes of a single-type landscape in the time period of interest. The paper also puts forth the models for cumulative change rate and spatial and temporal variation index to describe the details of spatial-temporal changes of a single-type landscape in long time series. The models are tested by studying the oasis-making process of Jiuquan Basin in western China from 1963 to 2009. The results indicate: (1) the grid transformation model reflects well the local subtle changes of the single-type landscape for the beginning part and the ending part of the time period of the study, including speed and spatial distribution of the landscape change; (2) the cumulative change rate comprehensively integrates the influence of the data from each time period of the process, and well describes the amplitude and spatial distribution of the single-type landscape change in long time series; (3) the spatial-temporal variation index reflects the different form of the single-type landscape change, and can further describes characteristics and trends of the process of the change; (4) use of all three models provides the whole picture of the characteristics and the process of the single-type landscape change.