Long-term shoreline changes of Mulki-Pavanje and Nethravathi-Gurupur estuaries,Karnataka

Significant morphological changes are noticed in the Nethravathi-Gurupur and Mulki-Pavanje estuaries. Satellite images of IRS-1A and 1B on multispectral bands and multidates (1988–1993) were made use of in addition to aerial photographs (photographed in 1979) and Survey of India Topographical maps (surveyed during 1910 and 1967). The Nethravathi-Gurupur estuary has slightly shifted northward whereas the Mulki-Pavanje estuary has shifted northward considerably. The multidated data product study reveals advancement of land.