Record Arctic Ozone Loss in Spring 2020 is Likely Caused by North Pacific Warm Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies |
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Authors: | Yan XIA Yongyun HU Jiankai ZHANG Fei XIE Wenshou TIAN |
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Institution: | College of Global Change and Earth System Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation,Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies,Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;College of Atmospheric Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Global Change and Earth System Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China |
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Abstract: | Record ozone loss was observed in the Arctic stratosphere in spring 2020. This study aims to determine what caused the extreme Arctic ozone loss. Observations and simulation results are examined in order to show that the extreme Arctic ozone loss was likely caused by record-high sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the North Pacific. It is found that the record Arctic ozone loss was associated with the extremely cold and persistent stratospheric polar vortex over February–April, and the extremely cold vortex was a result of anomalously weak planetary wave activity. Further analysis reveals that the weak wave activity can be traced to anomalously warm SSTs in the North Pacific. Both observations and simulations show that warm SST anomalies in the North Pacific could have caused the weakening of wavenumber-1 wave activity, colder Arctic vortex, and lower Arctic ozone. These results suggest that for the present-day level of ozone-depleting substances, severe Arctic ozone loss could form again, as long as certain dynamic conditions are satisfied. |
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Keywords: | Arctic ozone loss stratospheric polar vortex sea surface temperature planetary-scale wave climate change Citation: Xia Y Y Y Hu J K Zhang F Xie and W S Tian 2021: Record Arctic ozone loss in spring 2020 is likely |
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