我国生物礁研究的发展

黄汲清教授研究我国南方二叠系，引发了我国对古代生物礁的研究工作。６０年代起我国开始对古代生物礁的研究。现代珊瑚礁研究从２０年代末兴起，８０年代以来正在深入发展，同全球变化研究和珊瑚礁开发紧密联系，拓展了研究领域，积累了许多新知。

DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIC REEF STUDY IN CHINA

Professor Huang Jiqing made a lots of investigation and studies on coral fossils and strata of Permian of southern China, and published a series of famous articles on Permian geology during 1932～1950. He pointed out the important significance of exploration for organic reef in 1955, leading to the research work on ancient organic reef in our country. The oil and gas resources, some nonferrous metal ores and nonmetallic ores were found in organic reef.In 1928, Professor Shen Pengfei et al. investigated coral reef geology, mineral product, soil and plant of Xisha Islands, raising the curtain on the recent coral reef research work of our country. In 1936, Doctor Ma Tingying (Ma T. Y. H.) went to Dongsha Island for investigation, pioneering the research on the growth rate of recent corals and its relation to the sea water temperature. In the recent several ten years, a lots of observe and studies carried out at Hainan Island Xisha Islands and Nansha Islands. The recent coral reef research work of our country has been constantly going deep. This work, connected tightly with global. variation study and coral reef exploitation, developed the science research domain and has made considerable headway.(1) Study on coral reef biological diversity. It contains coral and reef-liking organisms, and others. Biological resources and ecology study is also involved.(2) Study on geomorphology and sedimentology of coral reef. It involves classification of coral reef, development of atoll, developing stages of limesand island,geomorphologic-sedimentary facies of coral reef.(3) Study on coral reef geology and paleo-environment evolution. Drilling well Xiyong-1, Xiyong-2 and other wells carried out on Yongxing Island of Xisha Islands revealed that the thickness of coral reef is 1251m. Cored Nanyong-1 and Nanyong-2, 413.69m deep, were drilled on Yongshu reef of Nansha Islands. The study built up reef factes stratigraphic sequence since the late stage of Miocene Epoch. It revealed the geologic and biologic aspects of coral reef, and the variation of paleo-climate and paleo-sea level were also discussed.(4) Study on environment variation recorded in coral. Some drilled underwater living Porites, measured the width of the growth belt, found that the width or growth belt is related positively to sea surface temperature, and built up coral growth rate thermograph.(5) Study on coral reef engineering geology. Coral reef sand soil was pointed as a special kind of engineering geological soils. Many tests and researches were made. The research opened a new field of engineering geology.(6) Study on recent coral reef environment. It involves natural environment, natural complex, natural resources, integrated physicogeographical regionalization and regional exploitation, evolution pattern of natural landscapes, and conservation of nature.