主成分-聚类复合模型在水环境管理中的应用——以松花江吉林段为例

以松花江吉林段5年的监测资料为依据,采用主成分分析与聚类分析的复合模型,定量诊断出水污染因子对松花江吉林段的污染贡献率,合理划分出各类水环境管理区域,并提出相应的水环境管理措施。结果表明:松花江吉林段主要污染物是挥发酚、COD和氨氮,表现为有机污染和非点源污染;在水环境管理分区中,丰满-龙潭桥区域属于轻污染,为水源保护江段,龙潭桥-哨口区域属于重污染,为水环境控制江段,哨口-白旗区域属于中度污染状况,为水环境自净江段。这一工作的开展对于实施河流水环境总量控制,实现松花江吉林段水域的科学化分类管理具有一定的参考价值。

Application of principal component-cluster analysis complex model to water environment management:Case study in Songhua River in Jilin section as an example

Based on the monitoring data from Jilin section in Songhua River, the contribution rate of water pollution factors to Jilin section in Songhua River is calculated quantitatively, and all kinds of water environmentally managed areas are divided rationally with the complex model of the principal component-cluster analysis.According to the assessment results, the corre- sponding measures of water environment management are put forward.The results show that the main pollutions in Jilin section in Songhua River are volatile phenol, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), which have their pollution characteristics of organic Pollution and non-point Source Pollution.The results also show that in the seven selected monitoring sections (i.e., Fengman, Longtanqiao, Hadawan, Shaokou, Jiuzhan, Anda and Baiqi), the water quality in the sections between Fengman and Longtanqiao, Longtanqiao and Shaokou, Shaokou and Baiqi is lighty, heavily and moderately polluted respectively, which means that the water resources in these sections should be preserved, controlled and exerted re- spectively.The development of the study has certain reference value to gross control of the regional water environment, and can implement the scientificall classified management of the water areas of Songhua River in Jilin Province.