岩石圈中水的临界奇异性与断裂耦合触发地震

以等压热容为例,研究岩石圈中水的临界奇异性及出现的条件,探讨岩石圈中水的临界奇异性与断裂耦合作用触发地震的可能性。岩石圈中水存在一、二级相变,相变时水的物理化学性质将发生明显改变,在临界点处表现出奇异性,如热容、膨胀系数和压缩系数等将趋于无穷大,按照Mie-Grneisen方程((P/T)V=γρCV),热容无穷大时将导致热压也趋于无穷大,压力将瞬时剧增。但水的临界奇异性出现的条件是温、压同时趋于临界值,在岩石圈中温、压是相互关联的,按照正常的地温梯度(15～35℃/km)和地压梯度(0.025～0.03GPa/km)计算,达到水的临界温度和压力的深度分别是24～10km和0.88～0.73km,即在岩石圈中若没有断裂的存在时则不可能同时达到水的临界温度和临界压力,不可能出现临界奇异性。断裂使压力降至水的临界压力,使得在岩石圈中某处温度和压力可同时达到水的临界值而出现奇异性,水的临界奇异性和断裂的耦合导致热压剧增,可能触发地震

A NEW MECHANISM TO TRIGGER EARTHQUAKE:THE COUPLING BETWEEN FRACTURE AND THE CRITICAL SINGULARITIES OF WATER IN THE LITHOSPHERE CAUSES THE EARTHQUAKE

Taking the case of the iso-pressure heat capacity,the paper has studied the critical singularities of water and its appearing condition in the lithosphere,and discussed the possibility of triggering earthquakes by the coupling of the critical singularities and fractures.There are first-order and second-order phase transitions of water in the lithosphere.When the phase transitions appear,the physic-chemical characteristics of water will also change,and the change will be huge at the critical point of water,n...