黄陵穹隆周缘岩溶水流系统特征及成因

岩溶水流系统特征研究有助于地下水资源的合理评价和开发利用。借鉴水文学的研究方法，统计并量化了典型岩溶水流系统的空间特征以及其水文动态响应、温度场和电导率特征。划分了扇状、树枝状、平行状、梳状4种地下水系来综合反映岩溶水流系统的地表-地下岩溶特征，前两者主管道垂直于地层走向，构造裂隙起汇水作用，后两者主管道平行于地层走向，层面裂隙起汇水作用。黄陵穹隆西北翼、西翼和南翼以平行状和树枝状为主，东翼和北翼则以扇状水系和平行状水系为主。不同地下水系结构的形成及区域差异与含水系统和水系的空间关系和级次性密切相关，并表现出不同的动态特征。扇状和平行状岩溶水流系统对降雨响应最为敏感，而梳状水系岩溶水流系统响应和衰减过程最慢；基于岩溶地下水温度与出露高程和循环深度显著相关的关系建立了鄂西山区地下水温度线。这一基础性研究可为岩溶地下水流系统研究和当地工程实践提供一定的理论支持。

Characteristics and genesis of karst water flow system around Huangling anticline

The study of the karst water flow system is helpful for the reasonable evaluation and utilization of groundwater resources.In this paper, the spatial characteristics, hydrological dynamic response, temperature field, and conductivity characteristics of the typical karst water flow system were calculated and quantified by referring to the methods of hydrology research.Four groundwater systems, i.e., fan-shaped, branch-shaped, flat-shaped, and comb-shaped, were divided to comprehensively reflect the surface-underground karst characteristics of the karst flow system.The main pipelines of the first two are perpendicular to the stratigraphic trend, and the structural fractures play a role in catching water.The main pipelines of the latter two are parallel to the stratigraphic trend, and the horizontal fractures play a role in collecting water.The northwest, west, and south wings of the Huangling anticline are branch-shaped and flat-shaped, while the east and north wings are fan-shaped and flat-shaped water systems.The formation and regional differences of different groundwater systems are closely related to the spatial relationship and hierarchy of aquifer systems and water systems which show different dynamic characteristics.The fan-shaped and flat-shaped karst flow system are the most sensitive to rainfall response, while the comb-shaped karst flow system has the slowest response and attenuation process.Based on the obvious correlation between karst groundwater temperature and exposed elevation and circulation depth, the groundwater temperature line in the mountainous area of western Hubei province is established.This study could provide certain theoretical support for karst groundwater flow system research and local engineering practice.