四川盆地典型农业区土壤中铜、钴、钼和锌的空间分异及其影响因素

为定量化分析地理因子对土壤中铜（Cu）、钴（Co）、钼（Mo）和锌（Zn）空间分异的影响，作者采集和测定了四川盆地长寿之乡江津区156件表土样品，综合运用数理统计、地统计和地理探测器等方法，分析表土中Cu、Co、Mo和Zn含量的空间分异特征及其驱动因子。表土中Cu、Co、Mo和Zn均值分别为27.0×10^-6、18.5×10^-6、0.4×10^-6和216.8×10^-6，分别是中国土壤背景值的1.19倍、1.45倍、0.20倍和2.17倍。研究区表层土壤中Cu（36.6%）、Co（16.9%）、Mo（51.7%）和Zn（89.4%）变异系数都呈中等变异，但Zn和Mo的空间分布不均匀性更加显著。总体上，江津区表土中Cu、Co、Mo和Zn含量在北部相对较高，而南部地区相对较低。土壤中Fe和Mn及成土母岩和土壤类型分别是影响江津区表土中Cu、Co、Mo和Zn空间分异的主控驱动因子，但影响程度不一。总体上，Fe和Mn的独立及交互作用最高，对江津区表土中Cu、Co、Mo和Zn含量的空间分异起到重要作用。

Study on the Spatial Variation and Driving Factors of Copper,Cobalt,Molybdenum and Zinc in Top Soil of Typical Agricultural Region in Sichuan Basin

In order to quantitatively analyze the effects of geographical factors on the spatial variation of copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), molybdenum (Mo) and zinc (Zn) in surface soil, 156 soil samples from the Jiangjin district with high longevity population in Sichuan Basin were collected and measured. The spatial variation and driving factors of Cu, Co, Mo and Zn in surface soil were studied using mathematical statistics, geostatistics and geographic detectors. The mean content of Cu, Co, Mo and Zn in surface soil, Jiangjin district were 27.0×10^-6, 18.5×10^-6, 0.4×10^-6 and 216.8×10^-6, respectively, and were 1.19-fold, 1.45-fold, 0.20- fold and 2.17-fold of background values of China soils. The variation coefficients of soil Cu, Co, Mo and Zn content were in the moderate intensity. Whereas, spatial distribution of Zn and Mo in surface soil from the Jiangjin district was more uneven. As a whole, the content of Cu, Co, Mo and Zn in top soil from northern Jiangjin was higher than those of southern Jiangjin. Iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), parent rocks and soil types were driving factors affecting spatial variation of the soil Cu, Co, Mo and Zn but vary in extent. Generally, the iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in soil exerted the highest effect and played an important role in the distribution, enrichment, and migration of Cu, Co, Mo and Zn in top soil from the Jiangjin district, Sichuan Basin.