污染地下水治理过程不确定性的影响因素分析

污染含水层系统中地下水质的恢复之所以往往收效不大，在于地下水去除污染过程中存在诸多不确定性因素。文中把之分为两类：一类具有客观不确定性；另一类则具有主观不确定性。前一类中包括：(1)污染含水层介质的非均一性；(2)污染物的非平衡吸附作用；(3)污染物吸附分配系数的非均一性；(4)部分有机污染物的非水溶性；(5)PAT方案中非完整井以及水流的影响等。后一类则包括数值模拟中模型的概化以及参数的取值等。最后，概述了研究此类问题较为有效的方法，即应包括问题的定义、不确定性分析以及风险(或失效)评估等。

Analysis of Uncertainty Impact on Polluted Groundwater Remediation

The groundwater quality recovery within a polluted aquifer system is often un-ideal as there are lots of uncertainty factors. These uncertainty factors may be classified two groups. One is of objectivity, which is concerned with heterogeneity of aquifer media; non-equilibrium desorption of pollutants; non-uniformity of adsorption distribution coefficient; pollutants with non-aqueous phase liquids; a partial well and its effect on flow behavior in the pump-and-treat system. Another is of subjectivity that is concerned with setting up the model, determination of some hydraulic parameters and others. Finally, it is mentioned that some steps, i.e. definition of the problem, uncertainty analysis and risk-assessment, should be involved as an effective analysis method.