控制—反调节水库协同生态调度的优化策略:以三峡—葛洲坝梯级水库为例

全球主要河流已成为受梯级水库控制的人工调节系统.河流鱼类作为淡水生态系统的重要组成部分,在人类对河流水能资源开发利用的进程中,面临着种群退化、多样性丧失的巨大胁迫.水库生态调度是在鱼类关键生命期人为营造满足鱼类需求的水文水动力条件,减缓水库不利生态影响的一种生态环保措施.然而,在生态调度的实践过程中,受水库不同运行方式...

Join tecological operation optimal strategy of control and re-regulation reservoirs: A case study of Three Gorges-Gezhouba cascade reservoirs

The major rivers across the world have become artificial regulation systems controlled by cascade reservoirs. River fish, as an important part of freshwater ecosystems, are under threat of population degradation and biodiversity loss in the process of development and utilization of river water energy resources. The ecological operation of the reservoir is eco-environmental protection to alleviate the negative impact on ecosystems, which artificially creates hydrological and hydrodynamic conditions to meet the requirement of fish during key life periods. However, based on ecological operation practical experience, there are circumstances where downstream flow conditions are inconsistent with the fish requirement in local periods affected by different operation conditions of reservoirs. That means the ecological operation still needs improvement. This paper takes the Three Gorges Dam, the world''s largest power station, and the downstream Gezhouba Dam, as a case study, builds a joint operation model of cascade reservoirs, simulates and analyzes the feasibility of the cascade reservoirs to improve the spawning conditions of fish in the downstream river reaches under joint operation and discusses the optimal strategy. In most cases, the target of continuous flow rising for hourly timescale can be accomplished only by the hourly exquisite operation of Gezhouba reservoir, which is required for the four major Chinese carps spawning downstream of Gezhouba Dam. What''s more, the hydropower generation output can be improved to a certain extent, thus achieving win-win progress of ecology and economics. The results of this paper show that Gezhouba reservoir can adjust the daily discharge process of the Three Gorges Reservoir by the re-regulation during a specific period of ecological operation, which may function as a useful reference for the optimization practice of ecological operation of cascade reservoirs.