Geographical imbalances and divides in the scientific production of climate change knowledge |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark;2. Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100, Denmark;3. Programa de Pós-Graduacão em Ecologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Cx. Postal 6109, CEP: 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil;4. Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;5. University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Department of Food and Resource Economics, Denmark;1. University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark;2. Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100, Denmark;3. Programa de Pós-Graduacão em Ecologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Cx. Postal 6109, CEP: 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil;4. Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;5. University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Department of Food and Resource Economics, Denmark;1. Université Paris 13–Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, EA7338 Pléiade, 99 avenue Jean–Baptiste Clément, 93 440, Villetaneuse, France;2. Environmental Geography group, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;1. Sustainability Research Unit, Nelson Mandela University, George, South Africa;2. Hwange LTSER – Zone Atelier Hwange, Dete, Zimbabwe;3. CNRS – Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France;1. School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, China;2. Department of Geosciences, The University of Tulsa, United States;1. Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, 153 South Prospect St. Burlington, VT 05401, USA;2. School of Environment, Enterprise and Development, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada;1. U.S. Geological Survey, National Climate Adaptation Science Center, Reston, VA 20192, USA;2. Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;3. Global Change and Conservation, Organismal and Evolutionary Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;4. Laboratoire d''Ecologie Alpine, UMR 5553, CNRS-Université Grenoble Alpes-Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, 40700 38058 Grenoble Cédex 9, France;5. Basque Centre for Climate Change, Edificio Sede, Campus UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain;6. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET and FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina;7. School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;8. Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;9. Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA;10. Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council, Tampa, FL 33607, USA;11. Macquarie Law School, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia;12. Institute for Ecosystems and Sustainability Research, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Morelia Campus, Morelia, Michoacan 58190, Mexico;13. Aigine Cultural Research Center 720000 Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan;14. Centre for Complex Systems in Transitions, Stellenbosch University Matieland 7602, South Africa;1. WASCAL Competence Center (WASCAL), Blvd Moammar El-khadafi, 06BP 9507, Ouagadougou 06, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso;2. Université Abdou Moumouni, Faculté des Sciences and Techniques, BP 10662, Niamey, Niger;3. GRP, Climate Change and Human Security, Department of Geography, Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lomé, 13BP101, Lomé, Togo;4. Meteorology Office, ASECNA Burkina, Avenue de la résistance du 17 mai, 01 BP 63 Ouagadougou 01, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso;5. GRP, Climate Change and Agriculture, Institute Polytechnic Institute of Training and Applied Research (IPR/IFRA), University of Sciences, Technics and Technologies, Bamako (USTTB), Mali |
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| Abstract: | Studies on scientific production of climate change knowledge show a geographical bias against the developing and more vulnerable regions of the world. If there is limited knowledge exchange between regions, this may deepen global knowledge divides and, thus, potentially hamper adaptive capacities. Consequently, there is a need to further understand this bias, and, particularly, link it with the exchange of knowledge across borders. We use a world-wide geographical distribution of author affiliations in >15,000 scientific climate change publications to show that (1) research production mainly takes place in richer, institutionally well-developed countries with cooler climates and high climate footprints, and (2) the network of author affiliations is structured into distinct modules of countries with strong common research interests, but with little knowledge exchange between modules. These modules are determined mainly by geographical proximity, common climates, and similar political and economic characteristics. This indicates that political-economic, social and educational-scientific initiatives targeted to enhance local research production and collaborations across geographical-climate module borders may help diminish global knowledge divides. We argue that this could strengthen adaptive capacity in the most vulnerable regions of the world. |
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| Keywords: | Bibliometric analysis Network analysis Climate change Adaptive capacity Knowledge exchange Modules |
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