喀什地区1961—201O年最大冻土深度变化

利用1961—2010年喀什地区所属喀什市、莎车县、巴楚县、塔什库尔干县等4个代表性站50a的年最大冻土深度、冬季平均气温、极端最低气温、极端最低地温等资料，采用气候趋势系数和气候倾向率方法，对1961年以来喀什地区最大冻土深度变化进行了分析。结果表明，喀什地区平原多年平均最大冻土深度为48．1cm，年际最大值与最小值深度差为82cm，年际变化总体呈明显的减小趋势，其变化倾向率为-3．8cm／10a，年代际变化呈阶梯状逐渐减小，冻土深度减小主要受冬季平均气温升高的影响，气温每升高1℃，冻土深度减小7．75cm；山区多年平均最大冻土深度为148．8cm，年际最大值与最小值深度差为88cm，年际变化总体呈明显的减小趋势，其变化倾向率为-2．5cm／10a。

Change of Maximum Frozen Soil Depth in Kahi Region from 1961 to 2010

In this paper, the maximum frozen soil depth in Kashi Region from 1961 to 2010 was analyzed, adopting the means of climate trend coefficient and rate,and using the annual maximum frozen soil depth, mean winter temperature, lowest air and soil temperature at the representative meteorological observational stations in kashi basin including Shache country, Bachu country, Tashiku＇ergan country. The results are as follows. The average fi＇ozen soil depth in the plain was 48.1 cm and the difference between the maximum and minimum depths was 82 cm. It decreased significantly for the annual change with the tendency rate at 3.8/10 a, the inter-decadal change decreased step by step. The reduction of frozen soil depth was mainly affected by the increasing temperature in winter. The frozen soil depth decreased 7.75 cm as the increasing of winter temperature with 1 qC. The average frozen soil depth in mountainous area was 148.8 cm, the difference between the annual maximum and minimum was 88 cm, and it obviously decreased for the annual change with tendency rate at 2.5 cm/10 a.