国家级媒体平台全球网络建构的地理学空间分析——以中国长城平台为例

以中国长城平台为例，探索中国媒体全球网络建构格局、过程与机制，以城市为网络建构的地点、国际电视媒体为纽带、19个中国城市及30个GaWC（Globalization and World Cities，全球化与世界城市）为研究对象，集成联系强度、城市媒体影响力指数、媒体传播方向异质性研究方法，对中国国际电视媒体输出至世界城市、世界城市电视媒体输入至中国港澳台地区的双向互动过程进行地理学空间可视化分析，探讨长城平台全球网络建构机制。结果表明：① 长城平台中国境内媒体来源整体呈一核三区多节点格局；② 长城平台海外输出网络反映了中国城市与世界城市间的媒体网络联系，以北京、香港与GaWC中Alpha级（世界一线城市）纽约、吉隆坡、曼谷及Beta级（世界二线城市）河内、内罗毕等世界城市形成逐级扩散网络；③ 中国港澳台地区作为境外媒体输入的重要节点，主要与北美、东南亚、西欧形成空间关联。

Geographical Spatial Analysis of the Global Network Construction Via National Media Platforms: A Case of the Great Wall Platform

This study takes the Great Wall platform as an example to explore the pattern, process and mechanism of the global network construction of Chinese media. Viewing cities as the spatial locations of network construction and international television media as linkages, this article takes 49 cities as the research object, i.e., 19 Chinese cities including Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan and 30 GaWC world cities, integrating the analytical methods of linkage strength, city media influence index, and heterogeneity of media propagation direction, in order to achieve geographical spatial visualization of the two-way media construction process, including the outward process of Chinese international TV programs export to the world and the inward process of the import of TV programs from the world cities to the Chinese regions of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. Based on the two-way interactive process of TV media, this work further explores the mechanism of the global network construction of the Great Wall platform. The results show that: 1) The media source of the Great Wall platform in China presents an overall geospatial pattern of one core (Beijing), three regions (Yangtze Delta, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao and Chengdu-Chongqing) and multiple nodes (Taiyuan, Changsha, Nanning and Taipei); 2) The outward network of the Great Wall platform reflects the media network linkage between major Chinese cities and GaWC world cities, with a stepwise diffusion network formed by Beijing and Hong Kong with the GaWC Alpha-level world cities of New York, Kuala Lumpur and Bangkok as well as with the GaWC Beta-level world cities of Hanoi, Nairobi, etc.; 3) Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan as the main important nodes of the foreign media inward network mainly form spatial linkages with North America, Southeast Asia and Western Europe, with predominant linkages from global multinational media groups in the USA as well as creative media of Singapore, UK, France and Germany. Actors involved in the global network construction by the Great Wall platform include not only state actors such as the National Radio and Television Administration and China Television International Media, Ltd., but also non-state actors such as overseas private television stations and Chinese entrepreneurs. As to the function of the main actors, the National Radio and Television Administration is responsible for formulating policies on the accessibility, quantity and content regulations, approving and supervising the Great Wall platform, while China Television International Media, Ltd. is responsible for operating the Great Wall platform. Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan directly receive overseas satellite TV channels. The main contribution of this work lies in exploring the global-national-local multi-scaler media spatial interactions based on the Great Wall platform as a national media outreach platform, emphasizing the reshaping of global media networks by the Great Wall platform, investigating the positive role of Chinese media going-out in shaping the country’s image, and thus providing references for related academic research and policy formulation.