石嘴山市煤炭型工业城市发展中的环境问题及对策

石嘴山市是我国重要的煤炭城市，40多年来，因煤炭资源开采、利用和外输，形成了该市畸重的工业结构，在煤炭资源日趋枯竭的同时，生态环境也遭到严重的污染和破坏。本文概述了石嘴山市煤炭资源储量及开发利用状况，分析了生态环境存在的主要问题及原因，提出了优化产业结构，减少污染企业比例，实施煤炭开采沉陷区生态修复工程，推进工业废弃物的综合利用，限制高耗水、高污染项目的发展和建立补偿机制等对策及建议。

Environmental problems and countermeasures during the development of coal-industrial city of Shizuishan

Shizuishan City is one the major coal cities in China. During the past 40 years, abnormal industrial structure was formed because of coal exploitation, utilization and exportation. The coal resources of Shizuishan City are depleting, at the same time, the ecological environment is seriously polluted and destructed. This paper outlines the coal reserves, exploitation and utilization, analyses the main problems and causes of the ecological environment,puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to optimize the industrial structure,reduce pollution enterprises, carry out ecological restoration project of the coal mining subsidence area,promote comprehensive use of industrial waste,limit high waterconsumption and high pollution projects and establish compensatory mechanisms.