江汉平原村落空间分布与微地形结构关系探讨

主要对江汉平原村落点空间分布规律进行探讨, 分析其与平原微地形结构间的关系。本文采用GIS空间统计方法对研究样区村落点空间分布模式进行分析;并根据平原微地形起伏特点, 采用一种局部形态分析方法进行微地形结构提取;进而对村落点空间分布与微地形提取结果进行空间叠加分析。研究表明:村落空间分布与微地形结构之间表现出明显的空间相关性。约75.40%的村落点与所提取微地形凸起部位的空间位置重合, 而83.94%的村落点在距离微地形凸起50m范围内, 村落点整体表现出向所提取微地形凸起结构聚集的分布格局。江汉平原特有的村落空间结构主要受小尺度地形起伏的影响, 村落格局与微地形结构在空间上的相关性较好地体现了人类活动与洪涝等自然灾害间的相互作用。

Spatial pattern of villages in Jianghan Plain and its relationships with the micro-topography

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationships between the spatial distribution of villages and the morphological structure of micro-topography in Jianghan Plain using spatial analysis and geo-statistics methods.Based on the morphological characteristics of the study area,a local topographic analysis method for the extraction of the convex micro-topography structure was developed.Then the spatial relationships between village locations and the convex micro-topography structure were analyzed using spatial overlay analysis techniques in GIS.The results show that the extracted convex structures are effective to describe the spatial morphological characteristics of the micro-topography.Some 75.40% of the villages in the study area coincide spatially with the extracted micro-topography convex structures,and 83.94% of the villages are located within a distance of 50 meters away from the nearest extracted convex micro-topography structures.On the whole,the villages show a cluster trend to the convex topography structure.From the relevance analysis and the micro-topography process analysis,it is found that the spatial patterns of the villages in Jianghan Plain are mainly affected by micro-topography structures.