基于四维驱动力的农村居民点整理模式分析——以北京市通州区为例

利用北京市最新土地调查数据和GIS工具, 描述通州区农村居民的用地现状、空间分布和特征。(1)依据规划边界将通州农村居民点划分为圈内、环内、环外三类, 圈内农村居民点面积50.30km² (121个行政村),占总面积的30.62%;环内居民点面积19.35km² (57个行政村),占11.78%;环外农村居民点面积94.63km² (277个行政村),占57.60%.(2)不同类型农村居民点的驱动力不同, 圈内农村居民点主要是经济驱动力和社会驱动力, 环内农村居民点主要是制度驱动力和环境驱动力, 环外的农村居民点主要是社会驱动力和生态驱动力。(3)圈内居民点整理方向是实现城镇化, 应采用土地一级开发模式, 发展城市二三产业;环内居民点整理方向是改善生态环境, 发展特色产业, 适宜采取城乡一体化综合开发模式;环外居民点整理方向是增加农业用地, 减少耕地占用, 适宜采用乡村整治模式。农村居民点整理需要以驱动力为基础, 结合空间特征采取差异化的整理模式。

Analysis of the land consolidation’s models of rural residential areas based on 4-D dynamics: A case study of Tongzhou District in Beijing

Using the latest land survey data in Beijing and GIS,we have described the situation,distribution and characteristics of rural residential areas in Tongzhou District of Beijing.According to the planning boundaries,the villages in Tongzhou can be classified into three categories: villages within circle(VWC),villages inside the ring(VIR) and villages outside the ring(VOR).There is an area of 50.30 km2 in residential section and 121 villages within VWC,which takes up 30.62% of the total area.The rural residential area within VIR is 19.35 km2 and there are 57 villages over there.VIR is the smallest among these three categories and accounts for only 11.78% of the total area.For VOR,there is an area of 94.63 km2 and 277 villages,accounting for 57.60% of the total area,more than half of the total quantity and area.There are 4 types of dynamics to promote the land use transformation: economic dynamics,social dynamics,ecological dynamics and political dynamics.Economic and social dynamics promote land consolidation for VWC.Political and ecological dynamics are the main factors that drive land consolidation for VIR.VOR is influenced by the social and ecological dynamics.Based on different characteristics and dynamics of villages in Tongzhou,we have proposed three models of land consolidation,namely first-level land development model,comprehensive development models and the village renovation model.For VWC,the rural land will be taken for the urban development,so the first-level land development model is suitable for these villages.For VIR,comprehensive development models can be adopted to improve the ecological environment.For VOR,the purpose of land consolidation is to increase agricultural land and avoid land expropriation,so the village renovation model can be used for these villages.It is concluded that different models should be adopted to promote land consolidation,since villages at different locations have different characteristics and dynamics.