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Universal inverse power-law distribution for temperature and rainfall in the UK region
Institution:1. State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, China;2. CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;3. Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;4. Himalayan Environment Research Institute (HERI), Kathmandu, Nepal;5. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;6. Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal;7. Central Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
Abstract:Meteorological parameters, such as temperature, rainfall, pressure, etc., exhibit selfsimilar space–time fractal fluctuations generic to dynamical systems in nature such as fluid flows, spread of forest fires, earthquakes, etc. The power spectra of fractal fluctuations display inverse power-law form signifying long-range correlations. A general systems theory model predicts universal inverse power-law form incorporating the golden mean for the fractal fluctuations. The model predicted distribution was compared with observed distribution of fractal fluctuations of all size scales (small, large and extreme values) in the historic month-wise temperature (maximum and minimum) and total rainfall for the four stations Oxford, Armagh, Durham and Stornoway in the UK region, for data periods ranging from 92 years to 160 years. For each parameter, the two cumulative probability distributions, namely cmax and cmin starting from respectively maximum and minimum data value were used. The results of the study show that (i) temperature distributions (maximum and minimum) follow model predicted distribution except for Stornowy, minimum temperature cmin. (ii) Rainfall distribution for cmin follow model predicted distribution for all the four stations. (iii) Rainfall distribution for cmax follows model predicted distribution for the two stations Armagh and Stornoway. The present study suggests that fractal fluctuations result from the superimposition of eddy continuum fluctuations.
Keywords:Fractal fluctuations  Universal inverse power-law  UK region temperature and rainfall
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