Oblique wave attack on rubble mound breakwaters |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Nils Koppels Alle, Bygn. 403, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark;2. Coastal Structure and Waves, Deltares, Rotterdamseweg 185, 2629HD Delft, The Netherlands;1. CESAM & Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;2. CIM-UVIGO GEOMA, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain;3. CESAM & Department of Civil Engineering, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal;1. Department of Civil Engineering, Ocean Engineering Research Center, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey;2. Port and Airport Research Institute (PARI), Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Stability formulae for armour layers of rubble mound breakwaters are usually being applied assuming perpendicular wave attack. Often the effects of oblique waves are neglected. This is however a conservative assumption since the stability of armour slopes generally increases for oblique waves. New wave basin tests have been performed to assess the effects of oblique waves on the stability of rock slopes and the stability of cube armoured rubble mound breakwaters. The physical model tests were focussed on wave directions between perpendicular (0°) and parallel (90°). The test programme included tests with long-crested waves and tests with short-crested waves. The results show that for rock slopes the influence of oblique waves is larger for long-crested waves. Based on the test results a design guideline is provided to account for effects of oblique waves on the stability of rock slopes, armour layers with a double layer of cubes, and armour layers with a single layer of cubes. |
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