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Effects of the tip depth of a pre-existing fracture on surface fault ruptures in cemented clay |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, China;2. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong;1. Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan;2. Taipei Water Department, Taiwan;3. Department of Civil Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda Road, Jhongli city, Taoyuan county, Taiwan;4. Education Department of Earth and Life Science, Taipei Municipal University of Education, Taiwan;1. Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 611 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003-9297, United States;2. Département Géosciences et Environnement, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, Cergy-Pontoise F-95000, France;1. Department of Civil Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran;2. University of Dundee, Scotland, UK;3. National Technical University, Athens, Greece;1. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong;2. Department of Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong |
| Abstract: | Ground deformation due to faulting can cause serious damage to buildings and structures. Much attention has been devoted to understanding fault rupture propagation in uncemented soil. However, the effects of a pre-existing fracture in cemented soil on surface fault ruptures are not fully understood. This paper describes a numerical parametric study to investigate the mechanism of normal fault rupture propagation through cemented clay. Special attention was paid to the effect of the location (or tip depth) of a pre-existing fracture on the mechanism. The numerical model and model parameters adopted were verified through two centrifuge model tests. The results show that a zone of influence consisting of a tensile failure zone and a differential settlement zone was induced by normal faulting in cemented clay both with and without a pre-existing fracture. The width of this zone of influence increased with the tip depth of the pre-existing fracture. The effects of the tip depth of a pre-existing fracture on the width of the zone of influence were more significant when the tip was located at a shallow depth. |
| Keywords: | Centrifuge models Numerical models Soil cement Earthquakes Clays |
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