Rocking instability of free-standing statues atop slender viscoelastic columns under ground motion |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of the Earth?s Deep Interior, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;2. Beijing Chinese Language and Culture College, Beijing 102206, China;1. International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Tehran, Iran;2. Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran;1. Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy;2. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (Sa), Italy;3. Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via G. Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino (FR), Italy;1. Faculty of Civil Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran;2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran;3. Structural Engineering Research Center, International Earthquake and Seismology Research Centre, Tehran, Iran |
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| Abstract: | The highly complex rocking response of free-standing statues atop multi-drum columns underground excitation resulting in insuperable difficulties for obtaining reliable solution is reexamined analytically. This is achieved after simulating the columns by monolithic viscoelastic cantilevers having structural damping, based on experiments, equivalent to the energy dissipation due to impact and sliding of multi-drum columns. Subsequently, the conditions of rocking (overturning) instability of free-standing rigid blocks (representing the statues) after their uplift from the top surface of the laterally vibrating cantilevers, are established, including overturning with or without impact. Attention focuses on the minimum amplitude ground acceleration which leads to an escaped motion through the vanishing of the angular velocity and acceleration. Maximization of such a minimum amplitude (implying stabilization) of the rigid block is obtained by seeking the optimum combination of values of the slenderness ratio of the column and its height. Analytically derived results based on linearised analyses are in excellent agreement with those obtained via nonlinear numerical analyses. |
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| Keywords: | Rocking instability Overturning Multi-drum column Ground excitation Viscoelastic column Impact Sliding Free-standing statue |
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