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First observation of energetic neutral atoms in the Venus environment |
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| Authors: | A Galli P Wurz S Barabash Y Futaana H Gunell R Lundin K Brinkfeldt N Krupp W Baumjohann TL Zhang AJ Coates DO Kataria KC Hsieh JA Sauvaud C Mazelle M Grande T Sales P Riihela J Kozyra S McKenna-Lawlor R Cerulli-Irelli A Milillo E Roelof CT Russell D Winningham J Scherrer |
| Institution: | a Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland b Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden c Max-Planck Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany d Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria e Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Sagamichara, Japan f Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Surrey, UK g University of Arizona, Tucson, USA h Centre d’Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements, Toulouse, France i Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, UK j Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland k Department of Physical Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland l Space Physics Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA m Space Science Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, USA n Space Technology Ireland, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Ireland o Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetario, Rome, Italy p Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, USA q Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, USA r KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, Hungary s Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, USA |
| Abstract: | The ASPERA-4 instrument on board the Venus Express spacecraft offers for the first time the possibility to directly measure the emission of energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) in the vicinity of Venus. When the spacecraft is inside the Venus shadow a distinct signal of hydrogen ENAs usually is detected. It is observed as a narrow tailward stream, coming from the dayside exosphere around the Sun direction. The intensity of the signal reaches several  , which is consistent with present theories of the plasma and neutral particle distributions around Venus. |
| Keywords: | Venus exosphere ENAs Solar wind-planetary atmosphere interaction |
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