南极中山站附近麦氏贼鸥雏鸟生长及其影响因素

在１９８９／１９９０年度南极夏季，对中山站附近麦氏贼鸥雏鸟的生长进行了观察和研究。本区麦氏贼鸥育雏期大约在每年１２月中旬至翌年２月下旬，雏鸟的成活率较低，本年度为３８．９％，从出雏到育成（首飞日），育期平均５３．２天（范围５２－５５天）。雏鸟平均体重日增长率，第一雏鸟为２７．４２ｇ／ｄ，第二雏鸟为１６．５６ｇ／ｄ。雏鸟生长的逻辑斯蒂克曲线数学方程式为：Ｗ＝１２５５．４１＋２２．６０３４ｅ－０．１５１８ｔ（第一雏鸟）生长曲线渐近线为１２５５．４ｇ，拐点为２０．５ｄ，第一雏鸟体重的最大日增率ｘ＝４３．９４±８．２４（ｇ）。影响本区麦氏贼鸥雏鸟生长和成活率的主要外部因子是天气（如暴风雪）同类自残以及食物等

THE GROWTH OF CHICK IN THE SOUTH POLAR SKUA AND SOME FACTORS INFLUENCING IT NEAR THE ZHONGSHAN STATION ,EAST ANTARCTICA

The growth of chicks of South Polar skua Catharacta maccormicki near the Zhongshan Station was observed in 1989/1990 austral summer. The breeding period was going through from mid-December to mid-February next year.The survival rate of chicks was very lower and it was 38.9% in this study season.For about 53.2 days (range 52-55 days) breeding ,the chicks grew up and were able to fly,the average daily growth rate was 27.42g/d and 16.56g/d with first and second chicks respectively.The logistic curve was fitted to the weight data for typical growth.The equation is: W=1255.41+22.6034e -0.1518t The important factors influencing chick's growth and mortality were discussed in this paper.They are food,unfavourable weather and predation by adult skuas.