低纬垂直积分的水汽输送和行星尺度湿急流结构的初步分析

本文使用1979年5—7月FGGE—ⅢB资料和部份OLR资料及卫星云图,利用垂直积分(地面～300毫巴)的水汽通量矢量图,采用能够直观反映三度空间大尺度气流和水汽输送特性的分析方法,逐日地分析了南北半球中低纬度地区的大尺度水汽输送气流的分布与配置及其变化,发现大尺度的水汽输送在空间上具有连续性,在时间上具有稳定性,在结构上具有鲜明特点。文中描述了大气环流季节性转换期中各支不同来源的大尺度水汽输送气流强度和相互配置的演变,认为这是南北半球间和北半球中低纬间相互作用在水汽输送方面的反映。最后得出了几点具有天气学意义的结论。 

A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF THE VERTICALLY INTEGRATED WATER VAPOR TRANSPORTATION AND THE STRUCTURE OF THE PLANETARY-SCALE MOIST JET STREAM IN THE LOW-LATITUDES

A day-to-day analysis of the distribution and disposition of the large-scale water vapor transportation and its variation over the low-latitude areas of both hemispheres was carried out by using FGGE-Ⅲ B data, part of OLR data and satellite cloud pictures from May to July of 1979. Vertically integrated (from ground level to about 300 mb) water vapor flux vector diagrams were utilized for the analysis in a visual way to show the characteristc features of the three-dimensional large-scale air flow. It was found that the large-scale transportation was characterized by spacial continuity, time stability and clear-cut structure.The evolution of intensity and mutual disposition of the large-scale water vapor transportation air currents from different sources during the seasonal transition of general circulation were described. It is considered a reflection of the interaction between the northern and southern hemispheres as well as between mid and low latitudes in the northern hemisphere in terms of water vapor transportation.Finally, several conclusions contributory on the synoptic meteorology were obtained,