基于气候干燥度的青藏高原多年冻土区分类新方案

采取综合分析与主导因素相结合的原则, 阐明了青藏高原各大地貌单元的大气环流及自然景观特征, 描述了高原多年冻土形成和分布格局. 基于综合地域分异规律, 以年降水量和干燥度(蒸发/降水)作为主要指标, 并参考年平均气温、气温年较差及年平均空气湿度等, 结合地形因素将高原多年冻土划分为: 湿润型、亚湿润型、半干旱型、干旱型和极干旱型五种类型, 并对各类多年冻土的代表性地区的冻土特征分别进行论述. 该分类方法适合于小比例尺的冻土测绘和制图.

A new aridity-based classification of permafrost zones on the Tibetan Plateau

By comprehensive analysis and identification of principal impacting factors and by taking into account of spatial and temporal evolution of major atmospheric circulations and landscape features on the Tibetan Plateau, the formation and distributive features of permafrost are described in three dimensions. On the basis of comprehensive regionalization of plateau permafrost, by using annual precipitation and aridity as the major criteria and by taking into account of influences from annual mean air temperature, annual range of air temperature, mean annual relative humidity and topographical factors, the permafrost on the Tibetan Plateau is divided into five types: humid, semi-humid, semi-arid, arid and hyper-arid. Features of permafrost in each representative region are described. This classification of permafrost is suitable for the investigation and mapping of permafrost at regional to local scales.