DDE-岩浆岩数据库初步构建与应用

21世纪是大数据的时代, 数据、模型驱动下的科学研究新范式与知识发现成为当今科学领域的新态势。本文介绍了在"深时数字地球"(Deep-time Digital Earth, DDE)国际大科学计划框架下构建的DDE-岩浆岩数据库。该数据库以"数据+编图+研究"三位一体的建库思路, 基于岩浆岩知识体系, 构建了岩浆岩数据库, 包括后台服务(云端)、网站(Web端)和科研工作平台(桌面端)。数据主要来源于公开发表的文献、研究团队测试、实验室测试数据等, 涉及全球重要造山带、克拉通及部分海洋(大洋钻探数据)等。此外, 还设立了22个地域性、学科性专题数据库。数据类型为岩浆岩岩石类型、产状、空间位置等基本信息, 以及年代学、地球化学、(Sr-Nd-Hf-Pb-O)同位素及非传统(或新兴)同位素数据。与国际最常用的有关数据库相比, 本数据库具有以下优势: (1)"数-图-文"三位一体的设计思路, 拥有编图和研究平台; (2)以研究为导向, 组织构建了22个专题数据库, 更多一线专家参与数据库建设, 在某些地域和领域(如中亚、非传统同位素等)形成优势; (3)对数据都尽可能挖掘和补充了年龄、经纬度等时空信息; (4)创建了学科专家可以依据新的发展和需求及时调整数据库结构的技术与功能, 而不需要重新编程; (5)有强大的DDE平台支持, 为与国际有关数据库互联互通提供了有利条件。最后, 利用DDE-岩浆岩数据库的核心数据(年代学、同位素等), 对复杂大陆拼合过程、地壳生长、地球深部物质组成架构与演化等重大地球科学问题进行了探索并取得了一些进展, 说明该数据库将对推动数据驱动的岩浆岩研究具有重要意义。

Preliminary construction and application of DDE-database of igneous rocks

The 21st century is the era of big data, and the new scientific research paradigm and knowledge discovery driven by data and models has become a new trend in scientific field. In this paper, we introduce the DDE-database of igneous rocks constructed under the framework of Deep-time Digital Earth (DDE), an international big science program. The database is built based on the knowledge system of petrology with the idea of 'data+mapping+research', and includes a backend service (Cloud), a website (Web) and a scientific research work platform (Desktop). The main data come from published literatures, our team's data, laboratory analyzed data and the interconnection of international databases, which cover important orogenic belts, cratons and part of the oceans (IODP data) on the earth. In addition, 22 thematic databases of regional and special fields have been set up. The data are also available on the website and the research platform. The data type of this database include rock types, occurrence, spatial information, geological background, geochronology, geochemistry, (Sr-Nd-Hf-Pb-O) isotopes and non-traditional isotopes. Compared with the most widely used databases in the world, this database has such advantages as follows: (1) the design concept is based on 'data-mapping-research', with a platform for mapping and research; (2) more thematic databases are constructed, which attracts more expert participates and creates an advantage in some regions and fields (e.g., Central Asia Orogenic Belt, emerging isotopes, etc.); (3) most primarily data sets are enriched with geochronological, as well as longitude and latitude, seamlessly integrated with geographic map polygons; (4) the researchers can adjust their database structures in time according to new developments and demands, without writing new codes; (5) the powerful DDE platform can provide favorable suppuration for the interconnection and cooperation with international relevant databases. Based on the core data (geochronology, isotopes, etc.) of the DDE-database, research progress has been made in study of major geoscientific issues, such as the complex process of continental assemblage, crustal growth, and the compositional architecture and evolution of the deep Earth.