雨生红球藻多糖的提取分离及理化性质研究

将雨生红球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis)经乙醇/乙酸乙酯(1:2,V/V)脱脂,通过冷水、热水和5%碳酸钠提取,得到3种粗多糖(HPC、HPH和HPA),通过Q-Sepharose FF阴离子交换柱进一步分级,从HPC中得到HPC1、HPC2和HPC3共3种多糖组分。运用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)、红外光谱(IR)等方法对其单糖组成、相对分子质量和基本结构特征进行分析比较。结果表明,各组分单糖组成复杂,主要含有半乳糖(Gal)、甘露糖(Man)、阿拉伯糖(Ara)、葡萄糖(Glc)、葡萄糖醛酸(GlcUA)、半乳糖醛酸(GalUA)、木糖(Xyl)、鼠李糖(Rha)、岩藻糖(Fuc)、葡萄糖胺(GlcN)和半乳糖胺(GalN),其中,Gal含量最高,大于20%。多糖HPC1、HPC2和HPC3的相对峰位分子质量分别为502.6,373.2,577.5和300.5 ku。

Extraction and isolation of polysaccharides from Haematococcus pluvialis and their physicochemical characters study

Three kinds of crude polysaccharides HPC,HPH and HPA were obtained from aqueous extracts of the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis with cold water,hot water and 5% Na2CO3 water solution.The crude extracts were fractionated by ion-exchange chromatography of Q-Sepharose Fast Flow column.The purified extracts were named HPC1,HPC2 and HPC3.The monosaccharide composition,relative molecular mass(Mw) and structural feature of the polysaccharides were analyzed and compared by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),respectively.The results showed that the monosaccharide composition was complicated and the main components included Galactose,Mannose,Arabinose,Glucose,Glu-curonic acid,Galacturonic acid,Xylose,Rhamnose,Fucose,Glucosamine and Galactosamine.In particular,the content of Galactose was the highest and it’s higher than 20%.The relative molecular masses of polysaccharides HPC1,HPC2 and HPC3 were 502.6,373.2,577.5 and 300.5 ku,respectively.