粮食贸易与水资源安全

粮食生产要消耗大量的水资源,一个国家的水资源与其粮食生产能力密切相关。20世纪90年代虚拟水概念和虚拟水战略的提出为保证粮食安全和水资源安全提供了新的思路。粮食贸易中携带有大量的虚拟水,在满足粮食需求的同时,可以缓解当地水资源紧缺,促进农业生产结构的调整与优化,实现水资源的高效配置。我国作为农业生产大国,应加强虚拟水研究,通过虚拟水贸易减轻水资源压力。应采取调整进出口粮食比例,减少耗水密集型产品出口,调整粮食生产区域布局,加强国内各地区之间的虚拟水贸易等措施,实现粮食安全和水资源安全。

World Grain Trade and Water Resources Security

Grain production should consume a large number of water,the grain production capacity of a country is closely related to its water resources.Virtual water concept and virtual water strategy offer the new thinking for guaranteeing grain security and water resources safety in 1990s.Grain trade carries a large amount of virtual water,while meeting grain demand,can alleviate the local water resources in short supply,promote the adjustment and optimization of the agricultural production structure,realize the high efficient disposition of the water resources.In our country we should strengthen to study virtual water,lighten the water resources pressure through virtual water trade.We should adjust the proportion of grain in imports and exports,reduce to export the grain consuming more water resources,adjust the regional distribution of grain production,strengthen the virtual water trade within the domestic areas,realize grain security and water resources security.