基于多源遥感数据的生态系统服务功能时空演变趋势分析

研究区域生态系统服务功能的时空演变趋势，有助于揭示人类活动或气候变化对该区域生态环境的影响，从而为生态系统服务功能的保育和管理提供依据。本文以淮安市为研究区，通过在时间维上拓展生态系统服务功能重要性评估的遥感指数法，计算了2000—2018每年的水源涵养、水土保持和生物多样性维护功能，并利用Mann-Kendall非参数检验和Hurst趋势性分析方法分析了时空演变趋势，结合中高分辨率遥感数据解译探索了变化原因。研究结果表明：①淮安市大部分区域生态系统服务功能呈显著增加趋势，其中水源涵养和生物多样性的增长趋势持续性较弱，而水土保持增长趋势持续性较强；②生态系统服务功能增加区域主要发生在耕地、林地等植被覆盖区域，减少区域主要发生在建筑用地等非生态用地区域；③淮安市耕地和林地等植被覆盖区域占比基本不变，甚至随着建筑用地占比的增加而稍有减少，生态系统服务功能增加的主要原因可能在于植被活力的增强，具体表现为植被绿度和植被生产力的增加。

Spatiotemporal evolution of ecosystem service functions based on multi-source remote sensing data

Investigating the spatiotemporal evolution of ecosystem service function is conducive to reveal the impact of human activities or climate change on eco-environment, which could also provide a basis for the conservation and management of ecosystem. In this study, remote sensing methods for evaluating ecosystem service function are improved to depict temporal variation. They are subsequently employed to evaluate the functions of headwater conservation, water and soil conservation, and biodiversity maintenance annually from 2000 to 2018 over Huai'an, China. Mann-Kendall non-parametric test and Hurst trend analysis methods are used for spatiotemporal evaluation. The spatiotemporal evaluation is further explored by combining with the interpretations of higher resolution remote sensing data. Results demonstrate that:① The ecosystem service functions of most regions in Huai'an show a significant trend of increasing, among which the increasing trend of headwater conservation and biodiversity maintenance is weak while that of water and soil conservation is strong. ② The increasing trend mainly occurs in cultivated land, woodland, and other vegetated areas. In contrast, the decreasing trend mainly occurs in non-ecological areas such as building land. ③ The area proportion of cultivated land, forestland, and other vegetated areas in Huai'an is basically unchanged, and even slightly decreased with the increase of building land. The significant increase of ecosystem service function in this area may be chiefly due to the enhancement of vegetation vitality, which is represented in the increase of vegetation greenness and vegetation productivity.