玛纳斯河流域地下水水位变化及水量平衡研究

天山北坡玛纳斯河流域地下水长期大规模开采引发了一系列生态环境问题,地下水均衡状态和地下水流动模式明显发生了改变。为研究节水灌溉条件下的地下水系统流动模式及其对地下水均衡要素的改变规律,以平原绿洲区为研究对象,采用三维地下水数值模拟方法,研究玛纳斯河流域地下水水位动态变化及水量平衡规律。结果表明:研究区地下水水位的抬升和回落受农业灌溉的影响显著,具有一定的周期性,存在着明显的时空差异;地下水均衡处于负均衡状态,补排差为-2.81×108m3。模拟期内观测水头与计算水头两者相关系数各月均在0.81以上,模拟效果较好。

Study on Groundwater Level Changes and Water Balance in Manasi River Basin

In the Manasi River Basin on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains, long-term and large-scale exploitation of groundwater has caused a series of ecological and environmental problems, and the water balance of groundwater and the flow pattern of groundwater have been changed obviously. In order to study the flow pattern of groundwater system under the condition of water saving irrigation and the change law of water saving irrigation to groundwater balance element,the dynamic changes of groundwater level and water balance in the Manasi River Basin were studied by using three -dimensional groundwater numerical simulation method and taking the plain oasis area as the research object. The results show that the uplift and fall of the groundwater level in the study area is significantly influenced by the agricultural irrigation, and has a certain periodicity, there are obvious differences in time and space. The balance of groundwater is negative, with a recharge and discharge difference of -2.81× 108 m3 . The correlation coefficient between the observed head and the calculated head for the simulation period is greater than 0.81, indicating the simulation effect is well.