波浪作用下涵洞式直立堤水体交换特性研究

基于计算流体力学(CFD)数值模拟和物理模型试验结合的方式,开展涵洞式直立堤在波浪作用下的水体交换研究。CFD数值模拟采用VPM (volume-average/point-value method)-THINC (tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing)/QQ (quadratic surface representation and Gaussian quadrature)模型,并在此基础上提出一种能够标记涵洞内外水体变化的双液相流体体积模型(VOF)方法,定性及定量描述涵洞内外水体的交换特性;物理模型试验主要用来验证数值模型的准确性。研究表明,在波浪的作用下,涵洞内部会形成一股往复振荡的水流,对水体交换起到重要的作用。该振荡流主要受到涵洞高度、波浪周期以及波高的影响,涵洞深度对其影响不大。在波浪长时间的作用下,涵洞式直立堤能有效地增强港池内外水体交换。

Study on water exchange characteristics of vertical wall breakwater with culvert under wave action

Based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulations and physical model experiments, the water exchange characteristics are studied under the wave interaction with vertical wall breakwater with culvert. In CFD numerical simulation, a VPM (volume-average/point-value method)-THINC (tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing)/QQ (quadratic surface representation and Gaussian Quadrature) model is adopted. On this basis, a two-phase volume of fluid (VOF) method marking the water exchange is proposed, which can help to qualitatively and quantitatively describe the water exchange characteristics inside and outside the culvert. Physical model experiments are mainly used to verify the accuracy of the numerical model. Results show that under the action of waves, an oscillatory flow will form inside the culvert, which plays an important role in water exchange. The oscillatory flow is mainly affected by the culvert heights, wave periods and wave heights, while the culvert depths have no significant influences. Under the action of waves for a long time, the vertical wall breakwater with culvert can enhance the water exchange inside and outside the harbor basin effectively.